This research paper explores the profound impact of two influential personalities, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan(1817-1898) and Allama Muhammad Iqbal(1877-1938), on the history of United India amidst 1000 years of Muslim and 100 years of British rule. Sir Syed, a key figure in Indian scientific and economic development, left an enduring legacy in linguistics, legislation, and education, exemplified by accomplishments like "Tahzeeb-ul-Akhlaq"(1870) and the founding of Aligarh University. Delving into Sir Syed's deep fascination with Western ideas, particularly observed during his sojourn to London, the paper meticulously examines the extent of his Westernization. In contrast, Allama Iqbal, with a nuanced understanding of Western thought acquired during three years in Europe, maintained a unique stance by prioritizing Orientalism in his philosophical ideas. Despite drawing inspiration from Western intellectuals, Iqbal remained rooted in Eastern wisdom. The comparative analysis of their Westernization unveils Sir Syed's wholehearted embrace and application of Western principles in India, while Allama Iqbal's deep Eastern influence prevented complete sway by Western ideologies. This study illuminates the delicate balance between Eastern and Western influences in the intellectual journeys of these luminaries, offering valuable insights into the historical development of United India.

1.    Sheikh Muhammad Ismail Panipati (Ed.), Sir Syed Ahmad Khan: Musafiran-i London, (Lahore: Majlis Taraqqi-e-Adab, 1961), p. 21, 1^st Ed.

2.    Ibid, p. 23

3.    Ibid,Khutootba-nam-e-Sir Syed, (Lahore: Majlis-e-Taraqqi-e-Adab, June 1995), p. 35, 1^st Ed.

4.    Prof. Syed Ehtesham Hussain, Aligarh Tehreek keAsasiPehlu in Nigar-e-Pakistan, Sir Syed Issue, Part II, Jan-Feb. 1971, with reference to Jihat-i- Sir Syed, p. 103

5.    Akbar Allahabadi, Kulliyat-e-Akbar Allahabadi, Vol. 1, (Karachi: Bazm-e-Akbar, 1970) p. 327

6.    Muhammad Ismail Panipati (Ed.), Khutootba-nam-e-Sir Syed, p. 48

7.    Ibid, p. 49

8.    Ibid, p. 139

9.    Ibid, p. 267

10.  Ibid, p. 267

11.  Ibid, p. 271

12.  Dr. Rukhsana Saba (Ed.),Jihat-e-Sir Syed, (Karachi: Anjuman Taraqqi-e-UrduPakistan, Oct. 2017), p. 307

13.  Dr. Syed Abid Hussain, in Nigar-e-Pakistan,Sir Syed Number, Part II, Jan-Feb. 1971, p. 108-110

14.  Dr. Rukhsana Saba (Ed.), Jahat-e Sir Syed, p. 43-47

15.  Ibid, p. 48-52

16.  Muhammad Ismail Panipati (Ed.), Khutootba-nam-e-Sir Syed, p.12

17.  Ibid, p.16

18.  Asghar Abbas (Ed.), Sir Syed kiTaziatiTehrirain, (Aligarh: Educational Book House, 1989), p. 38

19.  Ibid, p. 78

20.  Sheikh Muhammad Ismail Panipati (Ed.), Sir Syed Ahmad Khan: Musafiran-e-London, pp. 107-108

21.  Ibid, p. 120

22.  Ibid, p.207

23.  Ibid, p.208

24.  Ibid, p. 228

25.  Ibid, p. 229

26.  Ibid

27.  Muhammad Ikram Chughtai (Ed.),Mazameen-e-Sir Syed, (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2014), p. 387

28.  Ibid, p.429

29.  Iqbal, Kalyat-e-Iqbal Farsi, (Lahore: Iqbal Akademi Pakistan, Publication II, 1994), p. 748

30.  Syed Nazir Niazi, Iqbal kayHuzoor, Vol. I, (Lahore: Iqbal Academy Pakistan, 1981), p. 285

31.  Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Kulyat-e-Iqbal(Urdu), (Lahore: Iqbal Academy Pakistan, 2018), p. 84

32.  Ibid

33.  Aal-e-Ahmad Suroor, Preface in Iqbal aurMaghribiFikr, by Syed Wahiduddin, (Srinagar: Iqbal Institute, University of Kashmir, October 1981), p. 6

34.  Syed Wahiduddin,Iqbal aurMaghribiFikr, Ibid, p. 38

35.  Aal-e-Ahmad Suroor, Preface in Iqbal aurMaghribiFikr, by Syed Wahiduddin, p. 5-6

36.  Dr. Rafiuddin Hashmi (Ed.), Iqbal: Masa’il-o-Mubahis, (Lahore: Iqbal Academy Pakistan, 2010) p. 67

37.  Jagannath Azad, Iqbal aurMaghribiMufakkirin, (Delhi: Maktaba Jamia, 1975), p. 13

38.  Prof. Dr. Ghulam Hussain Zulfiqar, Iqbal ka Zehni-o-FikriIrteqa, (Lahore: Bazm-e-Iqbal, October 1998), p. 27

39.  Aal-e-Ahmad Suroor, Iqbal Aur Maghrib, (Srinagar: Iqbal Institute, University of Kashmir, February 1997), p. 187

40.  Jagannath Azad,Iqbal aurMaghribiMufakkirin, p.29

41.  Dr. Syed Abdullah,Isharat-e-Tanqeed, (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1993), p. 182

42.  Allama Muhammad Iqbal,Bang-e-Dara, (Lahore: Ghulam Ali Sons, 1976), p. 77

1.      B: Muhammad Iqbal,Kulliyat-e-Iqbal(Urdu), p. 104

43.  Prof. Dr. Ghulam Hussain Zulfiqar, Iqbal ka Zehni- o-FikriIrteqa, p. 28

44.  Ibid, p. 26

45.  Ibid, p. 29

46.  Ibid

47.  Ibid, p. 27

48.  Ibid, p. 28

49.  Ibid, p. 2

50.  Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Arabic, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh

51.  PhD Researcher, Dept. Usool-e-Deen and Comparative Religions, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

52.  Dr. Muhammad Naimatullah& Abdullah Al-Mas’ud, Iqbal's Response to Modern Western Thought: A Critical Analysis inInternational Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 5, Volume 8, Oct. 2016, pp. 27-36

53.  Dr. Khalifa Abdul Hakeem, Fikr-e-Iqbal, (Lahore: Bazm-e-Iqbal, 1988), p. 217

54.  Nazir Qaiser,Iqbal and the Western Philosophers, (Lahore: Iqbal Academy Pakistan, 2011), p. 210

55.  Dr. Anwar Sadeed, Urdu AdabkiTehreekain, (Karachi: AnjumanTaraqqi-e-Urdu Pakistan, 2007), p. 391

56.  Dr. Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi,Bar-e-Azeem Pak-o-Hind ki Milat-e-Islamia(Trans. by Bilal Ahmad Zuberi), (Karachi: Bureau of Compilation, Composition and Translation, University of Karachi, 1967), p. 331

57.  Muhammad Iqbal,Kulliyat-e-Iqbal(Urdu), p. 187

58.  Aal-e-Ahmad Suroor, Iqbal aur Maghrib, (Srinagar: Iqbal Institute, University of Kashmir, February 1997), p. 200

59.  Dr. Rafiuddin Hashmi (Ed.),Iqbal: Masail-o-Mubahis, (Lahore: Iqbal Academy Pakistan, 2010) p. 373

60.  Dr. Syed Abdullah, Maqamat-e-Iqbal, (Delhi: Chaman Book Depot, n.d., p. 210

61.  Muhammad Iqbal,Kulliyat-e-Iqbal(Urdu), p. 373

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Magazines&Journals:

1.      International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 5, Vol. 8, Oct.  2016.

2.      Nigar-e-Pakistan, Sir Syed Number, Part II, Jan-Feb. 1971.

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