Imtezaaj, Urdu Research Journal, UOK - Karachi
Logo

امتزا ج

Department of Urdu, University of Karachi, Pakistan
ISSN (print): 2518-9719
ISSN (online): 2518-976X
References

Refrences:

1, Khalil Ahmed Baig, Zaban Asloob aur Usloobiyat, (Lahore: Book Talk, 2020), p. 13.

2. Ain-ul Haq Faridkoti, Urdu Zaban ki qadeem Tarekh, (Lahore: Orient Research Centre, 1979), p. 13

  1. Iqtidar Hussain Khan, Insaniyat ke bunyadi Usool, (Aligarh: Educational Book House, 1985) p. 25.

  2. Ibid, p. 12

  3. Jean Aitchison, Linguistics, (UK: Hodder Headline, 2023), p. 21.

  4. P. H. Methews, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), p. 215.

  5. Dr Sohail Bukhari, Tashrihi Lisaniyat, (Karachi: Fazli Sons Limited, 1998), p.13.

  6. Khalil Siddiqui, Zaban ka mutala, (Quetta: Ruby Publishers, 2001), p. 8.

  7. Gayan Chand Jain, “am Lisaniyat, (New Delhi: Taraqqi-e- Urdu Bureau, 1985), p. 45.

  8.  Dr. Abullais Siddiqui, Adab-o-Lisaniyat, (Karachi: Urdu Academy Sindh, 1970), p. 106

  9. Khalil Ahmed Baig, Zaban Usloob aur Usooliyat, p. 17.

  10. David Crystal, Lisaniyat Kya hai? Translation: Naseer Ahmed Khan, (Lahore: Nigarshat, 1997), p. 43.

  11. Khalil Siddiqui, Zaban ka mutala, p. 7

  12. Nasir Abbas Nayyer, Lisaniyat aur Tanqeed, (Islamabad: Poorab Academy, 2014), pg 63.

  13. Gayan Chand Jain, Aam Lisaniyat. p. 17.

  14. David Crystal, Lisaniyat Kya hai?, p. 18.

  15. Mirza Khalil Ahmed Baig, Zaban Asloob aur Usloobiyat, Pg 17.

  16. David Crystal, Lisaniyat Kya hai?, p. 43.

  17. Jean Aitchison, Linguistics, p. 4.

  18. Ibid, p. 6.

  19. Ibid, p. 13.

  20. Muhiuddin Qadri Zor, Hindustani Lisaniyat, (Lucknow: Naseem Book Depot, 1960), p. 17

  21. Ali Rafad Fatihee, Urdu Lisaniyat Nazaryati Mabahis, (Lahore: Book Talk, 2022), p. 14.

  22. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, (Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2007), p. 286.

  23. Ibid, p. 287.

  24. Amir Sohail, Jadeed Lisaniyati aur Usloobiyati Tasavurat, (Faisalabad: Misal Publishers, 2021), p. 46.

  25. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, p. 289

  26. P. H. Mathews, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics, p. 252.

  27. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, p. 289

  28. Nasir Abbas Nayyer, Lisaniyat aur Tanqeed, p. 71.

  29. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, p. 290.

  30. Gayan Chand Jain, Aam Lisaniyat, p. 29.

  31. Nasir Abbas Nayyer, Lisaniyat aur Tanqeed, p. 63.

  32. Amir Sohail, Jadeed Lisaniyati aur Usloobiyati Tasavurat, p. 25.

  33. Ibid.

  34. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, p. 142.

  35. Jean Aitchison, Linguistics, p. 32, 33.

  36. https://www.britanica.com/science/Linguistics (Visit: 31 Oct 2023).

  37. Jean Aitchison, Linguistics, p. 4.

  38. Gopi Chand Narang, Urdu zaban aur Lisaniyat, p. 145.

  39. Gayan Chand Jain, Aam Lisaniyat, p. 31.

  40. https://linguistics.ucsc.edu/about/what_is_linguistics,htm (Visit: 31 Oct 2023).

  41. P. H. Matthews, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics, p. 327.

  42. Ibid

  43. Ibid

  44. https://linguistics.ucsc.edu/about/what_is_linguistics,htm (Visit: 31 Oct 2023).

  45. Ibid.

  46. P. H. Matthews, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics, p. 43.

  47. https://www.britanica.com/science/Linguistics (Visit :31 Oct 2023).

  48. Jean Aitchison, Linguistics, p. 33.

  49. P. H. Matthews, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics, p. 83.

  50. https://www.mariamwebsterdictionaryonlinedictionary (Visit: 28 July 2023).

  51. https://www.cambridge.org.com (Rujukarda: 28 July 2023).

  52. Dr. Rauf Parekh, Lughvi Mubahis, (Lahore: Majlis-e-Taraqqi-e-Adab, 2015), p. 187.

https://aws.amazon.com/what_is/machine_translation (Visit:31 Oct 2023).

 

Bibliography:

  1. Aitchison, Jason, Linguistics, UK: Hardheadline, 2023.

  2. Bukhari, Sohail, Dr., Tashrihi Lasaniyat, Karachi, Fazli Sons, 1998.

  3. Baig, Khalil Ahmed, Zaban usloob aur Usloobiyaat, Lahore, BookTalk, 2020.

  4. Parekh, Rauf, Dr., Lughvi Mubahis, Lahore, Majlis- e- Taraqqi-e- Adab, 2015.

  5. Jain, Gayanchand, Aam Lisaniyat, New Delhi, Taraqqi Urdu Bureau, 1985.

  6. Khak, Iqtidar Hussain, Lisaniyat kay Bunyadi Usool, Aligarh Educational book house, 1985.

  7. Zor, Muhiuddin Qadri, Hindustani Lisaniyat, Lucknow, Naseem Bookdepo, 1960.

  8. Sohail, Amir, Jadeed Lisaniyati aur Usloobiyati Tasawaraat, Faisalabad, Misaal Publishers, 2012.

  9. Siddiqui, Abul Lais, Dr., Adab-o-Lisaaniyat, Karachi, Urdu Academy, Sindh, 1970.

  10. Siddiqui, Khalil, Zaban ka Mutala, Quetta, Ruby Publishers, 2001.

  11. Fatihi, Ali Ranad, Urdu Lisaniyat Nazaryati Mubahis, Lahore BookTalk, 2022.

  12. Fareedkoti, Ain-ul-Haq, Urdu Zaban ki Qadeem Tareekh, Lahore, Orient Research Centre, 1979.

  13. Crystal, David, Linsaniyat kya hai, Lahore, Nigarshat, 1998.

  14. Matthews, PH, Oxford Concise Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 2008.

  15. Narang, Gopichand, Urdu Zaban aur Lisaaniyat, Lahore, Sang-e- Meel Publications, 2008.

  16. Nayyer, Nasir Abbas, Lisaniyat aur Tanqeed, Islamabad, Europe Academy, 2014.

  17. Zor, Muhiuddin Qadri, Hindustani Lisaniyat, Lucknow: Naseem Book Depot, 1960

 

Websites:

  1. https://linguistics.ucsc.edu/about/what_is_linguistics,htm (Visit: 31 Oct. 2023).

  2. https://www.britanica.com/science/Linguistics (Visit: 31 Oct. 2023).

  3. https://www.mariamwebsterdictionaryonlinedictionary (Visit: 28 Jul. 2023).

  4. https://www.cambridge.org.com (Visit: 28 Jul. 2023).

  5. https://aws.amazon.com/what_is/machine_translation (Visit:31 Oct. 2023).

 

خ خ

Author(s):

Atiya Huma Siddiqui

 Lecturer

Department Of Urdu, University Of Karachi

Pakistan

  • 03323619501

Details:

Type: Article
Volume: 22
Issue: 22
Language: Urdu
Id: 67495aef5e657
Pages 61 - 76
Published December 31, 2024
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.